Cutter-head



S. J. SHIMER,

TTTTTTTTT No. 319,933. Patented June 9, 1885.

(ModeL) 3 SheetsSheet 2.

S. J. SHIMER.

- VGUTTER HEAD. No. 319,933. Patented June 9, 1885.

NITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

SAMUEL J SHIMER, OF MILTON, PENNSYLVANIA.

CUTTER-H EAD.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 319,933, dated June 9. 1885;

Application filed April 13, 1885. (Model) To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SAMUEL J. SHIMER, a citizen of the United States, residing at Milton, in the county of Northumberland, in the State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful \Vood-Vorking Machine, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to improvements in wood-working machines of the class known as cutter-heads, which aroused for matching, molding, or shaping lumber; and the objects of my invention are, first, to provide a cutterhead formed with vertical slots in plane faces to receive sectional or separated clamps for the cuttingbits and second, to provide improved means for adjusting and clamping the cutting-bits for cuttingheads of the kind described. I attain these objects by means of the devices illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a perspective view of my improved tool with the cutting-bits fixed therein and adjusted for straight molding out. Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the head with the bits adjusted for clearing out. Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the head deprived of the cutting-bits. Figs. 4 and 5 are side and front views of the clamping devices, with the clamping-jaws formed to hold the bit at right angles to the axle of the head. Figs. 6 and 7 are side and front views of the clamps formed with inclined clampingjaws to hold the bits when a clearing out is required. Fig. 8 is a side view of the cutter-head with the gage applied. Fig. 9 is a bottom view of the cutterhead, showing the pin-holes to receive the dowel-pins of the gage. Fig. 10 is a view of the gage. Fig. 11 is a perspective view of one of the knives, and Fig. 12is a centrallongitudinal sectional View of a knife having a soft-metal backing.

The letter A designates the cutter head, formed with a central hub, a, to fit the arbor of axle upon which it is to run, and is secured thereto by any of the usual means. This head A is formed with four vertical plane faces and concaved or cut corners, and has four vertical T-shaped slot-s, b c d 6, out within the faces of the head and arranged with about one-half of their width beyond the axial center of the head on the size of tool-head represented in Fig. 8 of the drawings. Larger heads would show more difference; but the slots hold about the relative position on all size heads that is, same distance back from the carrier, as shown in Figs. 1 and 3 of the drawings. The concaved corners serve as clearance-spaces, and the purpose effected by setting the vertical slots beyond the outside of the axial center of the head and as near the cutting-edge of the bit as convenient or proper is, that the bit can be clamped to the head nearest to the point of greatest strain during the operation of cutting. The vertical T- shaped slots are made wide enough and deep enough to receive the body of the clamps and to admit of the passage of the key or wrench for clamping the bit at any point along the line of the slot. The T-part or extended portion of the slot is formed at the base of the slots,which sets the clamp in the very strongest position.

As shown in Fig. 9 of the drawings, the back of the vertical slots in the head may be curved in shape. This form is introduced to allow of making the bore of the cutter head larger without jeopardizing its strength. The backs of the clamps then conform to the shape of the slot, and the inner flanges of the clamps adapted to fit the side grooves of the vertical slots.

The letterC represents myiniproved clam ping devices. These consist of the upper section, f, and the lower section, 9, respectively formed with their bodies h to accurately fit the vertical T-shaped slots in the head, and having their clamping-jaws i extended beyond the slots, and preferably made longer than the width of the slot, with the under face of the upper jaw and the upper face of the lower jaw dovetailed, in order to clamp the flaring edges of the knives and draw them tight between the jaws, and with their inner faces firm against the faces of the head. Each section of the clamp in the body, which sets wholly within the vertical slots, is provided with a hole, It, the hole in the lower section being screw-threaded to receive the screw end of the clamping-screwl when passed through the hole of the upper section. It will be seen by reference to the drawings that thebody of the clamp with the clamping-screw is entirely within the vertical slots, shielded and concealed from all likely obstructions which may present themselves during the operation of cut ting, &c.

In ordinary molding the bits are set on a line across the axle of rotation, and in this kind of work the clamping-jaws are upon a right line; but when the work to be done requires that side clearance be given to the bits, I form the clamping-jaws beveled, as seen in Figs. 6, 7, and 8 of the drawings, giving the bit a position bearing to the left of an axial line of the head, and the opposite bit a position bearing to the right ofan axial line of the head. When clearance clamps are used, four bits constitute a set. Two bits belonging to the upper set are on opposite sides of the head and follow the same line of cut, and two bits arranged on opposite sides make up thelower set.

In furtherexplanation of the usesto be made of the bits in heads of this character, it is here stated that in shaping moldings and grooves on doors the upper series of bits have the clamps adjusted thereto so that the bits are arranged with their points obliquely upward, and the lower series of bits inclined with their blades downward. Thus arranged, a side clearance is given to the cutters suitable for such work. For sash a different clearance is requiredthat is, clearance must be given the opposite side of the bit. Therefore when making the change from door to sash, the clamps that carry the upper series of bits in the former work are arranged below to run the bits of the lower series for sash, the lower bits being the ones with the mold, and the lower doorclamps are run up to run the upper bits for the sash and do the rabbeting, thus giving the opposite clearance to that used to cut grooves for doors. \Vhen a straight out is required, two or four bits may be used.

In Figs. 8 and 9 of the drawings, I have illustrated my improved cutter-head provided with pin-holes p p in the bottom thereof, the object being to provide convenient and accurate means, in connection with a graduated gage, to adjust the bits either longitudinally or vertically. The pin-holes pp are arranged in the same relative direction as the bevel-line of the bead of the cutter-head, and so that when the pins of the gage are set in the holes the face of the blade of the gage shall set flat against the beveled surface of the bit, substantially as seen in Fig. 8 of the drawings. The pin-holes are preferably made at the base and side of slots, as affording the most convenient position in the material and for the adjustment of the gage to the bits.

In Fig. 10 is shown my improved gage, comprised of a graduated blade and a shank set at right angles to the blade, the shank being provided on its inner face with projecting pins, as seen in the drawings. The pins are arranged to register with and set within the pin-holes in the bottom of the cutter-head, and

termined upon.

the gage is applied by setting the pins of the shank in, the pin-holes of the cutter-head, which connection brings the blade of the gage flat against the bevel of the bit, when the bit may be set to the lines of measurement de- I do not-in this application, except as in operative combination with the head and its bits, make claim to the gage, the.

same being the subject-matter of another application for patent filed by me under date of April 13, 1885, and bearing Serial No. 162,115.

What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The clamping device herein described, consisting of the separate upper and lower sections, f and 9, formed with T-shaped bodies and projecting dovetailed clamping-jaws, and provided with a clamping screw projected through both sections, substantially as described.

2. A cutter-head formed with vertical plane sides and concave corners, and vertical T- shaped slots having the floor or back of the slot curved, and the slots wholly within the plane of the sides and without the vertical axis of the heads, substantially as described, and for the purpose stated.

3. The clamping device herein described, consisting of the separate upper and lower sections, f and 9, formed with T- shaped bodies and projecting dovetailed clampingjaws inclined from horizontality,and provided with a clamping-screw projected through both ections, substantially as and for the purpose stated.

4.. The clamping device herein described, consisting of the separate upper and lower sec tions formed with T-shaped bodies having curved back faces and projecting dovetailed clamping-j aws inclined from horizontality, and provided with a clamping screw projected through both sections, substantially as and for the purpose stated.

5. Incombination, a cutter-head with four plane vertical sides and concave corners, and formed with vertical T-shaped slots within the plane of the sides and without the vertical axis of thehead, and an adjustable bit-clamping device, consisting of separate upper and lower sections formed with T-shaped bodies to set the vertical slots in the head, and exterior clamping-jaws to hold the bits against the faces of the head, and provided with a clampingscrew projected through both sections within the slots of the head,su bstantially as described.

6. In combination, a cutter-head with four plane vertical sides and concave corners, and formed with vertical T-shaped slots within the plane of the sides and without the vertical axis of the head, and an adjustable bit-clamping device, consisting of separate upper and lower sections formed with T-shaped bodies to set within the vertical slots in the head, and exterior' dovetailed clamping-jaws inclined from horizontality to hold the bits in a clearing position and against the faces of the head, and

provided with a clamping-screw projected through both sections within the slots of the head, substantially as and for the purpose stated.

5 7. In combination, a cutter-head with four plane vertical sides and concave corners, and

formed with vertical T-shaped slots within the plane of the sides and without the vertical axis of the head, and formed with curved back faces, and an adjustable bit-clamping device, consistin g of separate upper and lower sections formed with inner side flanges and curved backs to set 2o 8. A cutter-head provided with pin-holes in the bottom thereof, arranged in the direction of the line of bevel of the cutting-bits, for the reception of gage-supporting pins, substantially as described, and for the purpose stated.

9. In combination with a cutter-head formed with pin-holes in the bottom thereof and a cutting-bit secured to the head, a gage com prised of a shank and a graduated blade set at right angles to each other, and provided with pro jecting pins fixed in the shank, said pins being arranged to register with and set within the pin-holes in the bottom of the cutter-head, substantially as described, and for the purpose stated.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my 35 hand in the presence of two attesting witnesses.

SAMUEL J. SHIMER.

Attest:

ELMER S. SHIMER, W. H. BEEK. 

